Medicare and Health Insurance Scams: How to Protect Your Benefits

Scam Types & Fraud PreventionEditorial Team·April 10, 2026·7 min read
This article is for informational purposes only and does not constitute legal, financial, or professional advice. Information may be outdated or inaccurate. Always consult a qualified professional or government agency before acting on anything you read here. If you find any inaccuracies, please contact us so we can update it.

Quick Answer

Medicare will never call you unsolicited to ask for your Medicare number, offer free equipment or tests in exchange for your number, or threaten to cancel your benefits. Guard your Medicare card like a credit card. Report suspected Medicare fraud to 1-800-MEDICARE (1-800-633-4227) or HHS OIG at 1-800-447-8477.

Medicare fraud costs the federal government tens of billions of dollars annually and directly harms beneficiaries through corrupted records and depleted benefits. Most scams in this category involve either stealing your Medicare number to submit fraudulent billing or pressuring you into accepting services you do not need so the provider can bill Medicare.

How Medicare Scams Target Beneficiaries

Free equipment or supplies scams. A caller offers free braces, diabetic supplies, cancer screenings, or other equipment, you just need to provide your Medicare number for billing. The equipment may arrive (and may be low quality or unnecessary), but the real goal is to bill Medicare for items far more expensive than what was sent, or for items never delivered at all.

Unsolicited calls about your Medicare card. Callers claim Medicare is issuing new cards and you must verify your current number to receive the replacement. Your Medicare number is the target.

Fake health insurance marketplace calls. Callers claim to be from Medicare or the Health Insurance Marketplace and offer to enroll you in a plan or update your coverage. They collect personal and financial information for identity theft.

COVID-era and ongoing testing scams. Scammers set up tents or booths offering free tests, screenings, or genetic testing, requiring your Medicare number. The results may be fabricated, and Medicare is billed for tests or consultations that never occurred.

Prescription drug fraud. Someone uses your Medicare Part D information to fill prescriptions you never requested, depleting your drug benefit.

What Medicare Will and Will Not Do

Medicare DoesMedicare Does Not
Send your Medicare card by mailCall asking for your Medicare number
Send Explanation of Benefits summariesOffer free items in exchange for your number
Contact you through mymedicare.govThreaten to cancel benefits if you do not comply
Accept questions at 1-800-MEDICARERequire you to confirm information to keep coverage

How to Protect Your Medicare Benefits

  • Treat your Medicare card number like a bank account number, only share it with your own doctor, pharmacist, or trusted healthcare provider
  • Review your Medicare Summary Notice (mailed quarterly) or check mymedicare.gov for claims filed in your name
  • Never accept free medical items or services from anyone who solicits you, legitimate providers do not work this way
  • Hang up on any unsolicited call from someone claiming to be from Medicare

How to Report Medicare Fraud

Medicare: 1-800-MEDICARE (1-800-633-4227), available 24 hours, 7 days a week

HHS Office of Inspector General: oig.hhs.gov, 1-800-HHS-TIPS (1-800-447-8477)

Senior Medicare Patrol (SMP): A federally funded programme that helps beneficiaries prevent, detect, and report Medicare fraud. Find your local SMP at smpresource.org.

FTC: ReportFraud.ftc.gov, 1-877-382-4357

What to expect: HHS OIG investigates Medicare fraud and can refer cases for criminal prosecution. Reporting fraudulent billing can also protect your personal benefits record.

For Non-Medicare Health Insurance Scams

If you have private health insurance and suspect fraud:

  • Contact your insurer's fraud hotline (the number is on your insurance card)
  • File a complaint with your state insurance commissioner (find yours at usa.gov/state-consumer)
  • Report to the FTC at ReportFraud.ftc.gov

Frequently Asked Questions